Furnace-wall construction



Feb. 5, 1929.

F. H. WAITE arm.

FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed May 4, 1925 [NV ma Al TE. W114 wsy.

ATTORNEY.

ikA/VK if G Patented Feb. 5, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE.

FRANK H. WAITE AND GEORGE W. DAVEY, OF LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK.

FURNACE-WALL Application filed May 4,

This invention relates to furnace -walls and more particularly to thattype capable of withstanding very high temperatures 1ncluding provisionallowing for expansion and contraction of the wall incident to differentdegrees of heat.

One of the objects of our invention is to construct a furnace wall andfurnace lining consisting of superimposed blocks wherein free aircirculation in at least two directions is permitted, thus maintainingthe temperature of the lining lower than the interior of the furnace.

Another object of our invention is to construct a furnace wall andlining of superimposed blocks constructed and arranged wherein theindividual blocks may expand and contract, allowing free circulation ofair through the blocks and in the space between 2 the blocks and theouter wall and embodying improvements on our co-pending application,Serial Number 740,106, filed September 26, 1924, issued as Patent No.1,57 0,653, dated January 26th, 1926.

In order to more fully understand and appreciate our invention,reference is had to the accompanying drawings, wherein;

Figure 1 is a fragmentary, inner face view of the furnace lining.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 ofFigure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the blocks comprising thefurnace lining.

Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference charactersdesignate corresponding parts throughout the several views, 5 designatesthe front or side walls of the furnace, which, for convenience maycomrise removable panels whereby access may be easily had to the furnacelining. The walls or panels are provided with a plurality of openings 6each having a closure or door 7, the position of which may be maintainedto regulate the artificial or natural draft to the lining and to the airchamber between the walls and the said lining. Attached to the innerface of the wall or panel is a covering of insulating material 5 withsuitable openings for the passages 6 above referred to.

The furnace lining consists of a structure composed of superimposedblocks 8, which CONSTRUCTION.

1925. Serial No. 27,955.

are spaced from the front wall 5 so as to produce an air chamber 9. Atcertain points in the furnace lining, a spacing tile 10 and a spacingbrick 11 is provided, said spacing brick being suitably supported in asubstantially U-shaped channel 12 which abuts the inner face of the wall5 as clearly shown by Figure 2 of the drawings. These respective spacingtiles and spacing bricks are arranged at regular intervals throughoutthe height of the wall so that the air or draft entering the chambers '9circulates throughout the surface of the construction, which is desiredto be maintained at a lower temperature than the interior of the furnaceproper. The spacing bricks are very important for the reason that theyprevent the furnace lining from falling outwardly toward the front wall.

The superimposed blocks 8 made of refractory material are each providedwith a channel 12, extending between its ends and vertical passages 13,14, for the free circulation of air through the blocks,. At certainpoints'in the furnace lining construction, it will be seen that thereare provided passages 15,l16, arranged in staggered relation for thepassage of the air through the lining into the interior of the furnacebody. Certain of the blocks are also provided with passages 15communicating with the passages 9, whereby the air entering through thefront opening 6 will pass in a somewhat zigzag direction through thefurnace lining before it enters the interior or body of the furnace. Itis of course understood that the front opening 6 andthe passages 15 arearranged so that they will not be in horizontal alignment with theresult that the flow of air through the furnace lining takes place in atleast two directions, namely, horizontally and vertically, so that theblocks are cooled and maintained at a temperature considerably below thetemperature of the furnace body. Inorder to prevent the furnace liningfrom falling inwardly, we have provided tie members or supports 17 whichmay be of metal or hollow pipe, said members passing through and beingconnected to certain of the blocks 8 and attached to the front wall, asclearly shown by Figure 3,

connecting members 17 prevent the lining from falling inwardly and thusthe vertical alignment of the furnace lining is always maintained.

Due to the excessive heat in furnaces, considerable difliculty has beenexperienced in the past to prevent the furnace lining from breaking downas the result of fractures. It has been found that the fractures are dueto unequal temperatures at different points throu hout the furnacelining and consequently different degrees of expansion and contractiontake place with the result that the lining becomes broken. When thelining is once fractured, disintegration eventually takes place with theresult that the furnace requires a new lining. In order to overcome thisdifficulty, we provide a block, the inner and outer face of which isslightly offset so that the ends of the blocks when assembled, are freeto move relativ'e to each other sufficiently to take up the expansion[and contraction due to the increased temperatures of the furnace. Whenconstructing the lining, it is the practice to'insert a combustiblematerial, such as cardboard between the respective blocks so that whenthe furnace is started, the combustible material is consumed and thespace between the respective blocks permits of the individual expansionthereof. It will thus be seen that since each block takes up its ownexpansion and contraction, fractures in the furnace lining are preventedand at the same time allowance is made for a free circulation of airthroughout the entire surface, and to the interior of the lining throughthe passages 12, 13 and 14. Of course after the air has passed throughthe blocks, the preheated air, when introduced to the furnace aidscombustion and in providing a plu rality of o enings and closures in thefront wall, the raft may be regulated as desired in that any number ofthe closures may be opened or maintained closed as necessities mayrequire.

While w'have illustrated and described our invention with some degree ofparticularity, we realize that in practice various alterations thereinmay be made. We therefore reserve the right and privilege of changingthe form of the details of construction or otherwise altering thearrangement of the correlated parts without departing from the spirit ofthe invention or the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described our invention, what we' claim as new and desire tosecure by United States Letters Patent is 1. A furnace .wallconstruction comprising, in combination, an outer wall, an innerrefractory wall, spacing blocks on the inner side of said outer wall,and tie means engaging said outer wall and adapted to hold the innerwall against the spacing blocks memes with freedom of movement of saidinner wall relative to the spacing blocks.

2. A furnace wall construction comprising, in combination, an outerwall, an inner refractory wall, spacing blocks on the inner side of saidouter wall, and tie means engaging said outer wall and adapted to holdthe inner wall against the spacing blocks with freedom of movement ofsaid inner wall relative to the spacing locks in any direction in theplane of the wall.

3. A furnace wall construction comprising, in combination, an outerwall, an inner refractory wall, spacing blocks on the inner side of saidouter wall, and tie means engaging said outer wall and adapted to holdthe inner wall against the spacing blocks with freedom of movement ofthe inner wall in its own plane relative to the outer wall and of theportions of the inner refractory wall relative to each other.

4. A furnace wall construction comprising, in combination, an outerwall, an inner wall composed of refractory blocks having channelledportions forming air passages therein, spacing blocks on the inner sideof said outer wall, and tie means associated with the outer wall andlaterally su orting the inner wall against the spacingb ocks byengagement with said channelled portions of the blocks of said innerwall.

5. A furnace wall construction comprising, in combination, an outerwall, an inner wall composed of refractory blocks having channelledportions forming air passages therein, spacing blocks on the inner sideof said outer wall, and tie means associated with the outer wall andlaterally supporting the inner wall against the spacing blocks byengagement with said channelled portions of the blocks of said innerwall, the engagement being slidable to permit movements of the innerwall and the blocks thereof in the plane of said wall.

6. A furnace wall construction comprising, in combination, an outerwall, an inner re ractory wall having channeled ortions forming zigzagair passages theret rough, spacing means interposed between the wa ls,and tie means connected to the outer wall and engaging said channelledportions.

7. A furnace wall construction comprising, in combination, an outerwall, an inner refractory wall having channelled ortions forming zigzagair passages theret rough, spacing means interposed between the walls,and tie means connected to the outer wall and engaging said channelledportions, togetllier with air inlets through the outer wa 8. A furnacewall construction comprising, in combination, an outer wall, an innerrefractory wall having channelled portions spacing means interposedbetween the walls,

and tie means connected to the outer wall and enga 'ng said channelledrtions, together with air inlets throug the outer wall in staggeredrelation to the openings of the air passages in the inner wall.

9. A furnace wall construction comprising, in combination, an outerwall, an inner refractory wall having channelled portions forming zigzagair passages therethrough,

10 spacing means mterposed between the walls,

and tie means connected to the outer wall and enga 'ng said channelledportions, together wit air inlets through the outer wall in staggeredrelation to the openings of the air passages in the inner wall, andadjustable closures for said inlets.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures.

GEORGE W. DAVEY. [L. 5.] FRANK H; WAITE. [1...s.]

